Failure handling

What it is

Financial failure handling distinguishes rejected, failed, and unknown outcomes.

When to use it

Avoid incorrect retries after network or partial external failures.

Syntax

known rejected -> fail
confirmed success -> settle
unknown -> investigate/reconcile

Example

// If provider times out after receiving request:
// Persist unknown outcome with a stable external reference.
// Query/reconcile before initiating a second operation.
// Retry only with the provider’s idempotency contract.

Common mistakes

Timeout is not evidence that no money moved; do not invent success or blindly repeat a charge.

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